Latest Climate & Weather AI Research Papers

The newest Climate & Weather AI papers from across the field — arXiv, NeurIPS, CVPR, Nature, and more — refreshed daily and ranked by relevance. Distill AI tracks Climate & Weather AI so you don’t have to: get the standout work delivered to your inbox every morning, with 2-sentence summaries and the option to chat with any paper.

Recent papers

• OncoTraj: a public benchmark for longitudinal resistance prediction in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer on osimertinib
  Abhijoy Sarkar, Aarchi Singh Thakur · arXiv · Jun 9, 2026

  Resistance to first-line osimertinib in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the canonical example of predictable clonal evolution under therapeutic pressure, yet no public benchmark exists for training or evaluating computatio…

• CLARITY: Responsible AI for Climate-Linked Neuro-Health and Economic Risk in Vulnerable Workers
  IRENE NOMIKOU-LAZAROU, Nikoletta Triantopoulou · Greeks in AI 2026 · Jun 2, 2026

  CLARITY is an interdisciplinary Responsible AI framework that explores how climate-health AI systems can be operationalized in real-world institutional settings to support vulnerable worker populations during periods of elevated heat exposu…

• Variational Inference for Lévy Process-Driven SDEs via Neural Tilting
  Yaman Kindap, Manfred Opper, Benjamin Dupuis, Umut Simsekli et al. · arXiv · May 11, 2026

  Modelling extreme events and heavy-tailed phenomena is central to building reliable predictive systems in domains such as finance, climate science, and safety-critical AI. While Lévy processes provide a natural mathematical framework for ca…

• Turning the TIDE: Cross-Architecture Distillation for Diffusion Large Language Models
  Gongbo Zhang, Wen Wang, Ye Tian, Li Yuan · arXiv · Apr 29, 2026

  Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer parallel decoding and bidirectional context, but state-of-the-art dLLMs require billions of parameters for competitive performance. While existing distillation methods for dLLMs reduce inference…

• Artificial intelligence to support cross-disciplinary climate change research
  [object Object], [object Object], [object Object], [object Object] et al. · Nature Climate Change · Apr 28, 2026

  Integrating knowledge across climate risks, societal responses and their interactions is a critical yet persistently challenging goal. We argue that advanced artificial intelligence frameworks, specifically foundation models, offer a new op…

• Explanation of Dynamic Physical Field Predictions using WassersteinGrad: Application to Autoregressive Weather Forecasting
  Younes Essafouri, Laure Raynaud, Luciano Drozda, Laurent Risser · arXiv · Apr 24, 2026

  As the demand to integrate Artificial Intelligence into high-stakes environments continues to grow, explaining the reasoning behind neural-network predictions has shifted from a theoretical curiosity to a strict operational requirement. Our…

• A Scale-Adaptive Framework for Joint Spatiotemporal Super-Resolution with Diffusion Models
  Max Defez, Filippo Quarenghi, Mathieu Vrac, Stephan Mandt et al. · arXiv · Apr 23, 2026

  Deep-learning video super-resolution has progressed rapidly, but climate applications typically super-resolve (increase resolution) either space or time, and joint spatiotemporal models are often designed for a single pair of super-resoluti…

• The impact of Climate Adaptive Pilot Cities policy on urban pollution reduction and carbon emission mitigation
  Xin Wang, Mengyu Wang, Jiahan Hu, Hao Hu et al. · Frontiers in Public Health · Apr 10, 2026

  Mitigation and adaptation are recognized as essential pillars for urban sustainability; however, the degree to which adaptation oriented policies contribute to broader environmental improvements remains an unresolved empirical question. Thi…

• Nature Positive: halting and reversing biodiversity loss toward restoring Earth system stability
  Harvey Locke, J. ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-2983 Rockström, Raina K. Plowright, Dan Laffoley et al. · Frontiers in Science · Apr 9, 2026

  Human activities are driving a global decline in biodiversity and are interfering with the natural processes essential for human well-being. Achieving climate and development goals is impossible without keeping nature intact. In this articl…

• Developing AI-powered microclimate models and yield forecasting tools for climate-smart agroforestry in Germany
  Ahmed M.S. Kheir, Navid Bakhtiary, Juvenal Assou, Maren Langhof et al. · Agricultural and Forest Met... · Apr 4, 2026
• Transformação digital na educação básica frente à emergência climática: um estudo de caso com a plataforma Climate AI SBN
  Marco Aurélio Schünke, Tatiane Braga dos Reis, Rodrigo De Cássio da Silva, Dante Augusto Couto Barone · Peer Review · Mar 24, 2026

  Em um cenário marcado pela intensificação dos desafios socioambientais no Brasil, este artigo discute a integração de tecnologias digitais na educação básica como estratégia para enfrentar a emergência climática, apresentando um estudo de c…

• A Strong Regulator? The EU’s Uneven Regulatory Capacity in Green Industrial Policy
  Fabio Bulfone, Joan Miró, Manuela Moschella · Politics and Governance · Mar 19, 2026

  The European Union (EU) has recently re-embraced industrial policy as a central instrument of economic governance, driven in particular by the challenges of climate change and intensifying geopolitical competition. This article examines reg…

• User-centred smart building technologies for climate-resilient urban development: evidence from Istanbul
  Oluwagbemiga Paul Agboola, Ann Baby · Frontiers in Sustainable Ci... · Mar 11, 2026

  Promoting sustainable urban development requires strengthening climate resilience while encouraging environmentally responsible lifestyles in cities. In densely urbanised and climatically diverse contexts such as Istanbul, Smart Environment…

• Climate change, spatial spillovers, and sustainable productivity of Teff, Maize, and wheat across Ethiopian districts using integrated climate and agricultural data from 2000 to 2024
  Teklu Gebretsadik Wana, Aneth Kayombo · Discover Environment · Mar 9, 2026

  Climate change poses growing threats to cereal-based food systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, where agricultural output relies heavily on weather patterns and on interconnected geographic areas. In Ethiopia, key crops such as teff, maize, and wh…

• Nitrogen Management in Crop–Soil–Environment Systems: Pathways Toward Sustainable and Climate-Resilient Agriculture
  Szilvia Veres, Nevien Elhawat, Zed Rengel, Tarek Alshaal · International Journal of Mo... · Mar 8, 2026

  Abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, heat, cold, and heavy metal toxicity severely constrain plant productivity worldwide. Nitrogen (N), beyond its fundamental nutritional role, has emerged as a central regulator of plant stress re…

• ICL Characterization of Climate Foundation Models: When Can Transformers Learn Weather and Climate?
  Mosab Hawarey · OpenAlex · Mar 4, 2026

  Climate foundation models (FMs) have achieved remarkable success in weather forecasting, yet exhibit puzzling performance gaps between tasks: deterministic field prediction rivals operational numerical weather prediction, while extreme even…

• Conservation planning for riverine biodiversity under changing climate: use of models
  Sabine Fink, Norbert Kräuchi, Silvia Stofer, Arnd Weber et al. · Nature Conservation · Feb 25, 2026

  Floodplain habitat area and quality have decreased significantly over the last decades, mainly due to anthropogenic changes. Conservation efforts targeting floodplain species must consider changing climate when choosing suitable areas for r…

• Wetlands in the EU policy context
  Carla Klusmann, Paul Brotherton, Theresa Schiller, Simone Wulf et al. · Nature Conservation · Feb 25, 2026

  This paper provides an overview of the EU policy context relevant to wetlands, assessing EU legislations that support or counteract wetland conservation, restoration and sustainable use. We classify selected EU environmental and climate pol…

• European riverine and coastal wetlands under pressure: biodiversity and climate change
  Ute Susanne Kaden, Sophia Schmid, Michael Vieweg, Mathias Scholz et al. · Nature Conservation · Feb 25, 2026

  Although European coastal and riverine wetlands occupy a small share of the European land area, these ecosystems host remarkable biodiversity and provide a wide range of ecosystem services fundamental for human well-being, including clean w…

• When algorithms decide the climate: AI, disinformation, and the crisis of environmental truth in the Anthropocene
  D. Vidal · PLOS Climate · Jan 16, 2026
• AI-Driven Climate Policy Scenario Generation for Sub-Saharan Africa
  [object Object], [object Object] · CoRR 2025 · Dec 31, 2025

  Climate policy scenario generation and evaluation have traditionally relied on integrated assessment models (IAMs) and expert-driven qualitative analysis. These methods enable stakeholders, such as policymakers and researchers, to anticipat…

• AI, Climate, and Transparency: Operationalizing and Improving the AI Act
  Nicolas Alder, Kai Ebert, Ralf Herbrich, Philipp Hacker · RegML 2025 Poster · Sep 23, 2025

  This paper critically examines the AI Act’s provisions on climate-related transparency, highlighting significant gaps and challenges in its implementation. We identify key shortcomings, including the exclusion of energy consumption during A…

• Climate-Resilient Crops: Integrating AI, Multi-Omics, and Advanced Phenotyping to Address Global Agricultural and Societal Challenges
  Doni Thingujam, Sandeep Gouli, S. Cooray, Katie Busch Chandran et al. · Plants · Aug 29, 2025

  Drought and excess ambient temperature intensify abiotic and biotic stresses on agriculture, threatening food security and economic stability. The development of climate-resilient crops is crucial for sustainable, efficient farming. This re…

• On-device AI for climate-resilient farming with intelligent crop yield prediction using lightweight models on smart agricultural devices
  Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj, M. Maragatharajan, Aanjankumar Sureshkumar, S. P. Balakannan · Scientific Reports · Aug 25, 2025

  In Recent time, with the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI), AI applications have proliferated across various domains where agricultural consumer electronics are no exception. These innovations have significantly enhanced the intel…

• Securing fruit trees future: AI-driven early warning and predictive systems for abiotic stress in changing climate
  Muhammad Ahtasham Mushtaq, Muhammad Ateeq, Muhammad Ikram, S. Alam et al. · Plant Stress · Jul 1, 2025
• Green and intelligent: the role of AI in the climate transition
  Nicholas Stern, M. Romani, Roberta Pierfederici, Manuel Braun et al. · npj Climate Action · Jun 23, 2025
• Advances in AI-Based Rainfall Forecasting: A Comprehensive Review of Past, Present, and Future Directions with Intelligent Data Fusion and Climate Change Models
  Farhan ‘Ammar Fardush Sham, A. El-shafie, W. Jaafar, A. S. et al. · Results in Engineering · Jun 1, 2025
• AI- aided surrogate model for prediction of HVAC optimization strategies in future conditions in the face of climate change
  Hassan Bazazzadeh, S. Hoseinzadeh, M. Mohammadi, Davide Astiaso Garcia · Energy Reports · Jun 1, 2025
• Climate Implications of Diffusion-based Generative Visual AI Systems and their Mass Adoption
  Vanessa Utz, Steve DiPaola · ICCC · May 24, 2025

  Climate implications of rapidly developing digital technologies, such as blockchains and the associated crypto mining and NFT minting, have been well documented and their massive GPU energy use has been identified as a cause for concern. Ho…

• Enhanced wheat yield prediction through integrated climate and satellite data using advanced AI techniques
  Muhamad Ashfaq, Imran Khan, Rana Afzal, Dilawar Shah et al. · Scientific Reports · May 24, 2025

  Wheat plays a vital role in Pakistan’s economy and food security, making accurate yield forecasting essential for planning and resource management. Traditional approaches—such as manual field surveys and remote sensing—have been widely used…