Latest NLP Research Papers

The newest NLP papers from across the field — arXiv, NeurIPS, CVPR, Nature, and more — refreshed daily and ranked by relevance. Distill AI tracks NLP so you don’t have to: get the standout work delivered to your inbox every morning, with 2-sentence summaries and the option to chat with any paper.

Recent papers

• Breathing in harm: current insights into the effects of air pollution on cardiorespiratory health.
  Vasiliki Michou, Dimitrios Tsamos, Aikaterini Itziou, Constantinos G. Tsanaktsidis · PubMed Central · Jan 1, 2027

  Air pollution significantly contributes to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. This review critically examines the mechanisms linking air pollution to higher cardiometabolic risk and cardio…

• Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitric oxide: role in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea.
  Antonio Fabozzi, Pasquale Tondo, Caterina Antonaglia, Alessia Steffanina et al. · PubMed Central · Jan 1, 2027

  Obstructive sleep apnea is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder with recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, leading to cyclic blood gas fluctuations. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitric oxide play a crucial role in…

• Medical gases and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: therapeutic mechanisms and research advances.
  Zhiguang Xu, Tian Geng, Di Zhou, Fuju Wu · PubMed Central · Jan 1, 2027

  Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy pose a serious threat to the health of both mothers and infants, yet the range of available clinical treatments is limited. This review summarizes the mechanisms and recent advances in the use of medi…

• High levels of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite with protein nitration: a new therapeutic target for gliomas.
  Ying Yang, Qi Zhang, Yuchen Ma, Serge Yannick Ouédraogo et al. · PubMed Central · Jan 1, 2027

  The gap junction signaling pathway is a core hub mediating intercellular communication, which plays a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and its dysfunction is closely related to glioma. Nitroproteomics studies have shown that pr…

• CREATIVE LEADERSHIP AS A COGNITIVE-SOCIAL BUFFER AGAINST RUMINATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL ANOMIE: THE FULL MEDIATION ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND EMOTIONAL CAPACITY
  DR. S. ANTONY RAJ AISHWARYA ANANDAVALLI MN · TPM Testing, psychometrics,... · Dec 15, 2026

  Purpose – This study aims to investigate the full mediation effect of Creative Leadership (CL) in the relationship between employee Emotional Capacities (Emotional Contagion (EC), Emotional Intelligence (EI), and Emotion Regulation (ER)) an…

• CREATIVE LEADERSHIP AS A COGNITIVE-SOCIAL BUFFER AGAINST RUMINATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL ANOMIE: THE FULL MEDIATION ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND EMOTIONAL CAPACITY
  DR. S. ANTONY RAJ AISHWARYA ANANDAVALLI MN · TPM Testing, psychometrics,... · Dec 15, 2026

  Purpose – This study aims to investigate the full mediation effect of Creative Leadership (CL) in the relationship between employee Emotional Capacities (Emotional Contagion (EC), Emotional Intelligence (EI), and Emotion Regulation (ER)) an…

• Sequence-based artificial intelligence-guided inhibitory peptides to counteract AAV neutralizing antibodies in gene therapy.
  Bingqi Xu, Xin Zhang, Dandan Yu, Panjing Wang et al. · PubMed Central · Dec 10, 2026

  Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have demonstrated strong clinical efficacy across multiple monogenic disorders, yet neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) remain major barriers to vector redosing and durable transduction. To address this limit…

• Assessment and characterization of back pain and biopsychosocial influences in lower limb amputation: scoping review.
  Kevin Arribart, Maximilian O'Malley, Gerson Cipriano, Marlon L. Wong et al. · PubMed Central · Dec 1, 2026

  Back pain affects over half of individuals with lower limb amputation, yet research findings on associated factors remain fragmented. In view of the evolution of pain science in the general population, this fragmentation likely stems from s…

• Preliminary Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of the Prone-Angled Transpsoas Approach for Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Consecutive Clinical Series.
  Timothy Y. Kim, Serajh A.S. Esmail, William Francis Taylor · PubMed Central · Dec 1, 2026

  BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prone-angled transpsoas (PAT) approach is a novel lateral lumbar interbody fusion technique that combines the workflow and sagittal alignment advantages of prone positioning with a navigated angled anterior-to…

• PGR expression as a pharmacogenomic companion biomarker to GENE70-derived genomic risk in ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer.
  Orcun Can · PubMed · Dec 1, 2026

  BACKGROUND: The biology of the estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancers is heterogeneous even when they are categorized by their risk via genomics. Transcriptomic PGR expr…

• Therapeutic efficacy of naloxone hydrochloride combined with hemoperfusion in toxic acute renal failure via the oxidative stress/Nrf2 pathway.
  Yin Zhu, Huichun Sun, Qiuyang Wang, Yong Sheng et al. · PubMed · Dec 1, 2026

  BACKGROUND: Toxic acute renal failure (ARF) involves severe oxidative stress. The Nrf2 pathway is a key antioxidant defense mechanism. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether naloxone combined with hemoperfusion alleviates oxidative injury via N…

• Biomass Loss and Carrageenan Content of Longline-Cultivated Kappaphycus alvarezii in Ekas Bay, Lombok: A Single-Season Case Study
  Naning Dwi Sulystyaningsih, Agus Hartoko, Tita Elfitasari, Eko Susanto · Jurnal Kelautan Tropis · Nov 10, 2026

  Seaweed cultivation performance varies with local conditions, changing biomass production and the chemical characteristics of harvested thalli. This study evaluated the growth performance, seawater elemental dynamics, thallus elemental comp…

• Vrste kampilobaktrov v klavnicah za perutnino: pregled
  Ivana Zuber Bogdanović · Repository of the Universit... · Nov 3, 2026

  Campylobacter is a constant concern in ensuring food safety, as it is one of the most common pathogens in food. The main source of Campylobacter species in food is poultry meat, and the primary production of this meat is a critical point wh…

• Redox‐neutral C(sp3)─H alkenylation via photocatalyzed tandem hydrogen atom transfer and downstream oxidative radical polar crossover
  Mattia Lepori, Luigi Dolcini, Alexander Bell, Wolfgang Haumer et al. · Strathprints: The Universit... · Nov 3, 2026

  Herein, we present a photocatalytic route that exploits a redox-neutral tandem hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and oxidative radical polar crossover (RPC) manifold. This method enables the efficient synthesis of valuable allylic amides and eth…

• Distinct immune signatures define hepatitis D- versus hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
  Simon Glimmann, Katja Deterding, Kilian Bock, Birgit Bremer et al. · PubMed · Nov 1, 2026

  BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Hepatitis D is the most severe form of viral hepatitis. However, the clinical, virological, and systemic inflammatory characteristics of HD…

• Outdoor Air Pollution, Perivascular Space Morphology, and Cognition in Preadolescence.
  Jessica Morrel, Kirthana Sukumaran, Carinna Torgerson, Michael A. Rosario et al. · PubMed · Nov 1, 2026
• Molecular Analysis of Exons 10, 11 Mutations in BRCA2 Gene In Tehran City Patients with Breast Cancer
  Seyedeh Kimia Kiarad, Ali Reza Ahmadi, Lobat Geranpayeh, Shahram Sharafi · International Journal of Ed... · Nov 1, 2026

  Purpose: This study aimed to investigate genetic alterations in exons 1–5 of the RAD51 gene and to examine their potential association with hereditary breast cancer among women diagnosed with breast cancer in Tehran, Iran. Methods and Mater…

• Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Well-Being in Patients with Cancer
  Samaneh Fard, Maryam Salarifard, Maedeh Motevali, Mohammad Mahdi Moghadm Nia · International Journal of Ed... · Nov 1, 2026

  Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in improving the psychological well-being of patients diagnosed with cancer. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a…

• Deep Learning-based Method for Removing Inter-layer Aliasing Artifacts in Computed Laminography Reconstruction
  Jingyu HU, Defeng DU, Baolei LI · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Op... · Nov 1, 2026

  Computed laminography (CL) — featuring a tilted scanning configuration—mitigates the constraints of computerized tomography on X-ray energy and scanning space when inspecting plate-like objects. However, this design compromises the complete…

• Prognostic impact of age and MDS-associated mutations in NPM1-mutated AML.
  Vivian M. Liu, Megan K. D. Othus, Jasmine Naru, Rhonda E. Ries et al. · PubMed Central · Nov 1, 2026

  AML is not independently associated with adverse risk after adjusting for age, and highlight the need for age-adjusted AML risk models....

• Lung transplantation outcomes in candidates aged ≥ 70 years old: A 10-year single center experience.
  Jason M. Aubrey, Preetha Pamidighantam, Stephen D. Thorp, Isabelle Pokora et al. · PubMed · Nov 1, 2026
• REM sleep without atonia thresholds are associated with reduced cardiac MIBG uptake but not with DAT-SPECT binding in probable REM sleep behavior
  Izumi Mihashi, Takei Yoichiro, Fusae Kawana, Suzuki Tetsu et al. · Institutional Repositories ... · Nov 1, 2026

  Background: Quantitative thresholds for REM sleep without atonia (RWA) vary across populations, and their relationships with neuroimaging markers of Lewy body disease remain incompletely understood. Objectives: To examine whether previously…

• Clinical and patient-reported predictors of days alive and out of hospital in decompensated cirrhosis.
  Sai Kiran Kuchana, Eric S. Orman, Kelly M. Mosesso, Timothy E. Stump et al. · PubMed · Nov 1, 2026

  BACKGROUND: Days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) is a patient-centered outcome, but has not been studied in decompensated cirrhosis (DCC). We aimed to quantify DAOH and to identify clinical and patient-reported factors associated with DAOH…

• GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Dual Agonist Therapeutics at the Intersection of Alcohol Use Disorder, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic Dysfunction.
  Joshua Reitz, Daniel B. Rosoff, Pál Pacher, Falk W. Lohoff · PubMed · Nov 1, 2026
• Elucidating the Design Space of LM Data Attribution
  Steven Yu, Sheng-Yu Wang, Kimia Hamidieh, Antonio Torralba et al. · arXiv · Oct 29, 2026

  Data attribution methods for Language Models (LMs) are typically evaluated using downstream tasks like fact retrieval. However, existing evaluations vary multiple dataset properties simultaneously, making it impossible to isolate exactly wh…

• ShallowDefend: Harnessing Shallow Safety Alignment for Multi-Turn Defender
  Qiyao Ma, Xiaodong Liu, Weiwei Yang, Mingqian Feng et al. · arXiv · Oct 29, 2026

  Safety alignment has enabled large language models to reliably refuse harmful requests directly, yet the same request distributed across a multi-turn conversation still succeeds far too often. This brittleness has a mechanistic root: Alignm…

• Testimony from Timelines: Evidence-Grounded Significance Testing of Temporal Clinical Hypotheses
  Chengyang He, Wenlong Zhang, Koduvayur Subbalakshmi, Ping Wang · arXiv · Oct 29, 2026

  Ask a language model whether sales tend to dip after a product recall, or whether one side effect tends to follow another after a vaccine, and it answers in a fluent sentence that reads like a finding, with no test behind it. Assertions abo…

• TextSeal2: Distortion-Free LLM Watermarking with Copula Mixing and Memoryless Races
  Tom Sander, Pierre Fernandez, Itai Gat, Haiming Bao et al. · arXiv · Oct 29, 2026

  We present TextSeal2, a distortion-free watermark for large language models that keeps its signal under speculative decoding: tokens that replace rejected drafts remain watermarked with the same keys, and the acceptance rate is unchanged. I…

• When to Assist and What to Suggest: Joint Gating and Memory-Grounded Hint Generation in One Compact Decoder
  A. J. A. Jubayer Talukder, Mohammad Ariful Haque · arXiv · Oct 29, 2026

  Proactive assistants offer short, memory-grounded hints during a conversation, deciding when to assist and what to suggest. Current systems split this between a gate and a larger generator; we evaluate both together on 28,058 decision point…

• VeriCUA: Verification as Agentic Exploration for Computer-Using Agents
  Qiushi Sun, Da Yu, Alexander Knop, Amer Sinha et al. · arXiv · Oct 29, 2026

  Building and scaling computer-using agents (CUAs) across desktop, mobile, and web environments requires reliable task-completion verification for data curation, evaluation, and reinforcement learning. Typical automated approaches prompt vis…